Why a Good Translation isn’t a Literal Translation

Yesterday in The Atlantic, Ta-Nehisi Coates wrote a great description of translation from a lay person’s perspective:

It’s not a really good idea to approach a conversation by asking “How do I say this in French?” A better approach would be to say “How would a French person express this?” or better still, “How would my particular French self express this?”

He describes the idea of getting into character, of creating another self that speaks the other language. Instead of matching up words from one language to the other, you think about how your other self would express the same idea.

This, essentially, is what translation is all about. A literal or word-for-word translation isn’t necessarily more accurate, because it may not be the most natural way to express an idea in the other language. It might end up being nonsensical or — even worse — convey the wrong meaning.

So the translator’s job is to take in all the details of what is being said in one language and how it is being expressed, and then find the best way to express the same idea in the other language. A translator doesn’t just know multiple languages. As Coates would say, a translator has multiple selves.

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Translation in the News: The Damage of an Inaccurate Translation

I recently came across this shocking story about an inaccurate—and discriminatory—translation:

For the past year, Spanish-speaking parents in Milford, Delaware, who brought their children to the playground facilities near the Lulu M. Ross and Mispillion elementary schools were greeted by a sign that warned them of possible police action if they attempted to use the playground without the proper permit.

That might have been fine, if not for the fact that the English version of the same sign required no such permit from visitors, only adequate parental supervision.

Source: Gawker

It looks like these elementary school playgrounds reused the (accurate) Spanish translation of signs posted at the middle school and high school sports fields, which aren’t open to the public. The silver lining is that this news story raised awareness about translation and showed how important it is to check translations before using them. And as a result, those bad translations at the playgrounds are already being taken down. You can read the rest of this story and see photos of the offending sign and read about the district superintendent’s response.

Here are a few tips to avoid ending up in the same situation:

  • Start with a professional: Always use an experienced, professional translator to ensure that the translation carries the same message (in both meaning and tone) as the original.
  • Check the context: When reusing a translation, make sure that the original text that it is based on hasn’t changed and that the translation is being used in the same context as before.
  • Review the translation: If you want to reuse a translation in a new context, include a translation check before you use it. You may not have to have the text re-translated, but an experienced translator can perform a review or a full edit to make sure the translation is accurate and effective in that context.
  • Test the translation: When in doubt about a translation, do a test run with your intended audience. Have native speakers look at both the original text and the translation, and make sure they agree about what it means. Your audience will be the ultimate judge of a translation’s effectiveness!

Remember: It can save you money to reuse a good translation … but only if you know it’s still accurate! If you need a review of a text that was translated from Spanish into English, let’s get in touch! I would be happy to help you make sure your audience gets the right message.

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American Translators Association 53rd Annual Conference

The American Translators Association is holding its 53rd annual conference (Oct. 24-27) in San Diego this year! I was super excited when the location was announced a couple of years ago, while I was living in San Diego. Sadly, I have since moved across the pond to Germany—and now I won’t be able to attend. I feel even worse about it when I see the great lineup of events and presentations at this year’s conference.

Members of the Spanish Language Division will want to get to bed early on Friday—the division meeting is bright and early on Saturday, 8:30-9:30 a.m.

There are plenty of sessions for Spanish translators (you can find a list of them in the ATA session schedule), although I did notice that there aren’t as many sessions oriented toward Spanish to English translators. But if you attend the Preconference Seminars, you can work with Marian Greenfield on Translating Financial Analysis (Spanish>English) and with Thomas West on Advanced Spanish>English Legal Translation. I’m sorry to be missing those!

If you are a bit of a technology nerd like me, you will also be interested in hearing what the Language Technology Division has planned for ATA 2012:

  • The Annual Meeting of the Language Technology Division is on Friday, from 2:00 to 2:15 p.m.
  • Be sure to attend the session “Subtitling Motion Pictures: Techniques and Technologies” with the LTD’s distinguished speaker, Alain Martinossi of Technicolor. His session is scheduled for Friday, 2:15pm to 3:15pm.
  • All “Language Technology” sessions are listed in the ATA session schedule and on the LTD website.
  • If you can stick around after the ATA conference ends, you can also catch the AMTA 2012 (10th Biennial Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas). Keynote speakers are Bonnie Dorr, DARPA Language Technology Program Manager, and Luis von Ahn, founder and inventor or reCAPTCHA and Duolingo and a notable TED speaker.
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How Translating is like Programming

In my free time, I like to play with websites. I am currently working on a project to help an organization move its website into WordPress. Unlike designing a website from scratch, I have to recreate the existing design by using my knowledge of CSS, PHP, and Javascript.

This process creates some real challenges, and I recently made a breakthrough. The design demanded code to deal with two issues: The front page has two columns that must be of equal height, and the rest of the pages have one column that needs to have at least the same height as a second column. Because the content in these columns is dynamic, I couldn’t just set a fixed height for any of them. I needed to find a solution that would automatically adjust the design when the content changed.

Luckily, I found a solution to the first problem with a little research. Someone had already written Javascript code to set equal column heights:

    <script type="text/javascript">
    jQuery.noConflict();
    function equalHeight(group) {
        tallest = 0;
        group.each(function() {
            thisHeight = jQuery(this).height();
            if(thisHeight > tallest) {
                tallest = thisHeight;
            }
        });
        group.height(tallest);
    }
    jQuery(document).ready(function() {
	equalHeight(jQuery("#container,#primary"));
    });
    </script>

The real problem came when I wanted to work with other pages. Try as I might, I couldn’t find a piece of code that successfully set a minimum column height based on the height of another column. So I took matters into my own hands—I modified the code above to fit my needs. Then I added an if/else statement so all of the code could be pasted into my theme’s functions.php file:

// script for column height function
 
function my_scripts() {
  if (is_front_page()) {  ?>
    <script type="text/javascript">
    jQuery.noConflict();
    function equalHeight(group) {
        tallest = 0;
        group.each(function() {
            thisHeight = jQuery(this).height();
            if(thisHeight > tallest) {
                tallest = thisHeight;
            }
        });
        group.height(tallest);
    }
    jQuery(document).ready(function() {
	equalHeight(jQuery("#container,#primary"));
    });
    </script>
 
  <?php } else { ?>
 
    <script type="text/javascript">
    jQuery.noConflict();
    function fixMinHeight(group) {
        thisHeight = 0;
        group.each(function() {
            thisHeight = jQuery(this).height();
        });
        jQuery("#container").css("min-height", thisHeight+100);
    }
    jQuery(document).ready(function() {
	fixMinHeight(jQuery("#secondary"));
    });
    </script>
 
 
<?php }  }
add_action('wp_head','my_scripts');

The result? All the columns work as they should. Someone else may come up with a more elegant solution, but I solved the problem. I jumped around the living room for a good five minutes after I got that to work!

For me, this process is very similar to translating. Like coding a website with an existing design, translating requires me to write based on a source text. When a puzzling term or tricky bit of grammar arises, a little research can sometimes lead me to a solution. If, however, a solution doesn’t already exist, I have to rely on a bit of ingenuity to come up with my own.

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META-NET: Information and Resources on Language Technology in Europe

The ATA Language Technology Division recently shared an informative lecture about the use of language technology in European institutions. The lecture was presented last year at the META-FORUM 2011 in Budapest, a conference about technology solutions for multilingual Europe. (More videos from this conference are available online at META-FORUM 2011.)

I didn’t know much about META (Multilingual Europe Technology Alliance), so I took a peek around their website. I came across some interesting information and resources:

META-SHARE - A repository of language data sets, tools, technology, and resources. Read more about META-SHARE.

META-NET Language White Papers - These white papers discuss the language technology support for specific European languages, considering the particular needs of each language. I am particularly interested in the white papers on Spanish and English, although there is a long list of papers in the series.

META-RESEARCH - This section is specifically focused on research in machine translation. There are limited materials available on the website right now, but at a time when many translators fear and misunderstand machine translation, I think it is worth keeping an eye on how this research goes.

Language Technology World - This is the META knowledge portal. There is a lot of information here, including links to other information sources, language tools, commercial products and services, and other language technology projects.

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